Functional Group:-
Functional Group is a group of atom whose difine the physical and chemical properties of any molecule. Some functional Group is written below.
1. Alkanes:-
When two carbon atoms is attached with a single bond then called alkanes. It's symbol is (C-C) . When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( Ane) .
Example:- methane (CH4) , Ethane (CH3-CH3 ), Chloro Ethane (CH3-CH2-Cl ) etc.
2. Alkenes:-
When two carbon atoms is attached with a bubble bond then called alkenes . It's symbol is (C=C) . When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( ene) .
Example:- methene, Ethene, Propene etc .
3. Alkynes:-
When three carbon atoms is attached with a tripple bond then called alkynes. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix (yne).
Example:- Methyne , Ethyne etc.
4. Alcohol (-OH):-
When a carbon chain attached with -OH Bond then called Alcohol Group. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix (ol) .
Example:- methanol , Ethanol, etc
5. Aldehyde:-
When a carbon chain attached with ( -CHO) bond then called aldehyde group. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( al ) .
Example:- methanal , Ethanal, Propanal etc.
6. Ketone:-
When two carbon chain add with ( -CO ) Functional Group like ( RCOR ) is called ketone. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( one )
Example:- Methanone , Ethanone etc.
7. Ether :-
When two carbon chain add with ( R-O-R ) like functional group is called Ether. When you write the IUPAC Name then add the suffix ( oxy ) in small size chain.
Example:- Methoxy methane, ethoxy propane etc.
8. Carboxylic acid:-
When a carbon chain add with RCOOH Functional Group like ( R-COO-H)
Is called carboxylic acid. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( oic acid) .
Example:- Methanoic acid, Ethanoic acid etc.
9. Ester :-
When two carbon chain add with RCOOR Functional Group like ( R-COO-R) is called ester. When you write the IUPAC name then add the suffix ( oate ) .
Example:- Methyl methanoate , Methyl ethanoate , Ethyl propanoate etc .
IUPAC Nomenclature:-
All Chemical compound have two types of name , first is comman name and second is IUPAC Name. In this blog we discussed about IUPAC Nomenclature or IUPAC name. IUPAC name written only carbon chain.
Carbon chain:-
When two or more carbon atoms attached with one another is called carbon chain.
1. One Carbon atom - Meth
2. Two carbon atoms chain - Eath
3 Three carbon atoms chain - Prop
4. Four carbon atoms chain - But
5. Five carbon atoms chain - Pent
6. Six Carbon atoms chain - hex
7. Seven carbon atoms chain - Hept
8. Eight carbon atoms chain - Oct
9. Nine carbon atoms chain - Nan
10. Ten carbon atoms chain - One dec
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